APOE and diabetes mellitus: The SNP rs429358, which influences APOE gene expression, is located in exon 4 of the APOE gene within the chromosome 19q13.32 region.[66] The APOE protein plays crucial roles in lipid metabolism, cholesterol transport, and the development and repair of the nervous system.[67] Numerous studies have reported associations between rs429358 and various diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, Alzheimer disease, COVID-19, myocardial infarction, and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.