Given the association of VCP overexpression with CRC progression [12], Western blot analyses showed that CB-containing formulations reduced VCP levels and elevated Bip, ATF6, and K48-linked ubiquitin, particularly in the CB + miR/SLN-CSW and CB + miR + R/SLN-CSW groups (Figure 3A). Here, ATF6 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.