NFE2L2 and infection: On the host-directed side, several oxazole derivatives modulate pathways implicated in coronavirus pathobiology, including nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-driven cytokine induction, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-linked antioxidant responses, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR), suggesting the potential to temper infection-associated hyperinflammation without broad immunosuppression.