Beyond their cytotoxic activity, PLCA8/[Cu(DDC)2] NP also modulated the tumor microenvironment by downregulating MMP-3 and MMP-9, and key angiogenic and mesenchymal markers such as VEGF, N-cadherin, and vimentin, thereby suppressing angiogenesis and metastatic potential. This evidence concerns the gene MMP3 and neoplasm.