Finally, multiple recent studies confirm that NF-κB/AP-1 signaling directly controls MMP-9 transcription under inflammatory stimuli (e.g., TNF-α, hyperglycemia), providing a clear mechanistic approach through which reduced PON1 activity can propagate to MMP-9 overexpression and disease progression [46,47,48]. This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and Hyperglycemia.