ACE and aneurysm: Experimental and translational data show that ACE inhibition downregulates MMP-9 and related remodeling enzymes in aneurysm and myocardial-remodeling contexts: in a rat xenograft model of abdominal aortic aneurysm, perindopril attenuated aneurysmal degeneration in association with reduced remodeling enzyme activity; mechanistic work further demonstrates that ACE inhibitors can directly interact with MMP-9 and lower in vivo MMP-9 levels; and captopril suppresses left-ventricular inflammatory signaling with NF-κB inactivation, consistent with upstream control of MMP-9 expression [80,81,82].