IL4 and atopic eczema: Recent research has demonstrated that Lactobacillus plantarum can significantly reduce the levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ while increasing the production of IL-10, a key anti-inflammatory cytokine [1].”In the context of atopic dermatitis, this is particularly relevant, as the condition is characterized by an exaggerated Th2 response with elevated levels of IL-4 and IL-13, which promote cutaneous inflammation and compromise barrier function [22,44].