In 2010, findings from a prospective, multicenter cohort study involving 2482 women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations indicated that oophorectomy decreased BC-specific mortality by 73% in BRCA1 carriers (HR, 0.27 [95% CI, 0.12–0.58]), while no significant effect was observed in BRCA2 carriers. The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is breast cancer.