TNF and sarcopenia: Furthermore, a population-based study conducted in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region [168] demonstrated hypomethylation of CpG sites in the *TWEAK/Fn14* promoter (CpG8/12/13/20/21) in sarcopenia patients, which correlated with increased plasma levels of TWEAK (p = 0.007) and TNF-α (p < 0.001), confirming the role of epigenetically mediated neuroinflammation in sarcopenia pathogenesis.