MTOR and cholangiocarcinoma: Although COLO-205 cells are commonly used in CC research, investigations of the impact of β-Sit on these cells are limited, particularly for signaling pathways including vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), NF-κB-p65, and β-catenin.