APOE and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: For instance, leveraging alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels as a surrogate for liver fat has identified notable genetic variants, including those in the glycerol-3-phosphate acyl-transferase (GPAM) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genes, which modulate lipid synthesis and metabolism and are linked to MASLD risk [64,65].