In one-vs-rest ROC analysis, the model yielded AUC values of 0.827 for HC, 0.656 for T2DM − N and 0.894 for T2DM + N. According to DeLong’s test, the combined model demonstrated significantly higher AUC values compared to SIRT2 alone across all groups (p < 0.001). The gene discussed is SIRT2; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.