Another single-center RCT compared Dex’s efficacy in delirium treatment compared to benzodiazepine in 18 ICU polytrauma patients and found lower serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the Dex group, evidence that appears to be associated with effective delirium treatment [85]. The gene discussed is S100B; the disease is delirium.