CD274 and neoplasm: In the US and across Asia, pembrolizumab is approved for treatment of patients with HER2-negative tumors regardless of PD-L1 levels, but in the European Union (EU), pembrolizumab is only indicated for patients with tumor PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1 (Figure 1), and Asian guidelines explicitly state that the benefits of anti-PD-1 antibody plus chemotherapy are more pronounced in the PD-L1-positive group [2,3,4,5].