CCR4 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying BPA-induced ccRCC, we conducted detailed molecular docking simulations targeting the eight key proteins implicated in ccRCC pathogenesis: cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3 (CHRM3), gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 (GABBR1), C-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4), potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4(KCNN4), protein kinase C epsilon (PRKCE), cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 (CYP2C9), 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD), and fatty acid synthase (FASN).