RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from the GSE55235 dataset (Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: synovial tissues, Berlin cohort [31]) were analyzed to assess differential expression of interleukin-6 (IL6), Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFRSF1A), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFB1) between osteoarthritis (OA) and healthy control (CTRL) synovial tissues. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is osteoarthritis.