USP8 stabilizes a broad range of substrates—including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), charged multivesicular body protein 1B (CHMP1B), and beta-secretase 1 (BACE1)—thereby regulating critical cellular processes such as receptor recycling, autophagy, mitophagy, innate immunity, and anti-tumor immune responses [35,36,37,38,39,40]. The gene discussed is CHMP1B; the disease is neoplasm.