SnoRNAs contribute to leukemia development through both classical and non-classical mechanisms: SNORD42A mediates 2′-O-methylation of 18S rRNA, sustaining the proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cells [51]; SNORD118 and SNORD3A specifically regulate leukemia cell survival through chromatin interactions [129]; and the snoRNA-associated lncRNA LNC-SNO49AB promotes malignant transformation by activating the RNA editing function of ADAR1 [130]. The gene discussed is SNORD42A; the disease is leukemia.