As in the previous results, HF diet feeding increased the TGF-β1 expression, phosphorylation of Smad2/3, P38/JNK MAPK phosphorylation (Figure 6a–d), CD44 and RHAMM protein expression (Figure 6a,f,g), ROCK2 expression (Figure 6a,h), and Akt and ERK phosphorylation (Figure 6a,i,j) in the kidney of Hmmr+/+ mice. Here, TGFB1 is linked to hydrops fetalis.