CML can form a complex with human albumin via ligand binding, which, when bound to the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) on monocytes, affects expressions of specific signalling pathways that regulate cellular viability, senescence and death, such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) [88]. Here, MAPK3 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.