HMOX1 and breast cancer: Specifically, abietic acid has been shown to inhibit metastasis and invasion in melanoma models both in vitro and in vivo [20], induce ferroptosis in bladder cancer cells by activating the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway [21], induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells by regulating diverse gene expression patterns [22], and suppress the growth of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by inhibiting IκB kinase β (IKKβ)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling [23].