In this study, we identified endothelial cells as key cellular components in CaOx kidney stones and pinpointed nine key genes associated with ERS: ACSL4, PTK2, DUSP4, MMP7, PHLDB2, TGM2, PPT1, SPARCL1, and LTF. This evidence concerns the gene SPARCL1 and amelogenesis imperfecta type 1G.