MALAT1 and acute kidney injury: Pro-inflammatory lncRNAs such as MALAT1 and NEAT1 are markedly upregulated in endotoxin-induced AKI, where they sponge anti-inflammatory miRNAs (MALAT1 → miR-146a; NEAT1 → miR-204, miR-22-3p), resulting in unchecked NF-κB activation [73,74].