An esteemed research group from Spain, utilizing RNA-sequencing [37] and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing [61] on oral biopsies from PVL patients and healthy donors, identified GATA3 among the significantly upregulated and differentially methylated genes, respectively, in PVL, and suggested a possible role of GATA3 in the cancer-promoting immune response in PVL. The gene discussed is GATA3; the disease is periventricular leukomalacia.