Studies, both in vitro (using the Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cyst model) and in vivo (in a Pkd1 knockout mouse model), have demonstrated that curcumin and GB synergistically inhibit cyst formation and enlargement, which are hallmarks of ADPKD [45]. The gene discussed is PKD1; the disease is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.