CYBB and osteoporosis: For instance, paeonol has been shown to exert context-dependent protective effects: in age-related osteoporosis, it promotes bone formation by inhibiting NOX2-derived ROS in osteoblasts, whereas in disuse osteoporosis, it suppresses bone resorption by restoring SIRT3 expression, maintaining mitochondrial function, and enhancing SOD2-mediated ROS clearance in osteoclasts [57].