Similarly, SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were significantly decreased in Diabetes compared with Controls (all p < 0.001), while spermidine significantly improved these enzyme activities relative to the Diabetic group (p < 0.01; p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively), although values did not completely return to Control levels (p < 0.01; p < 0.001; p < 0.01, respectively). Here, SOD1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.