TNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus: With respect to diabetic patients, a clinical study reported high levels of mtROS and an increase in the inflammatory markers, NFκB-p65 and TNF-α, in T2D leukocytes, which correlated with increased inflammatory and vascular complications, whilst MitoQ treatment enhanced antioxidant defenses (GPx1 levels) in T2D leukocytes and lessened chronic inflammation and the risk of CVD [260].