TLR4 and Nephropathy: Crystallized urate deposited in the kidney will activate the NOD-like receptor superfamily pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and regulate the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways, which will lead to kidney damage [7].