Therapeutically, monoclonal antibodies targeting IL-6 (e.g. tocilizumab) or JAK inhibitors (e.g. ruxolitinib) have already been tested in other inflammatory diseases and may represent candidate agents for repurposing in adenomyosis models (Taskin et al., 2016; El-Zayadi et al., 2020; Li et al., 2025; Parisi et al., 2025). Here, IL6 is linked to adenomyosis.