TNF and allergic rhinitis: TNF-α is closely involved in allergic rhinitis, from its onset to its development: TNF-α potentiates allergic sensitization, pretreatment with TNF-α prior to allergen sensitization increases antigen-specific IgE antibody responses after allergen exposure, and TNF-α has an important role in the expression of adhesion molecules that induce transendothelial migration of eosinophils [11].