Baseline levels of PGC-1α reduced in DM preoperatively, decrease is further augmented postoperatively; reduced levels of antioxidant (NOX4, GPX4), angiogenic (TGF-β, NT3, Ang1), and anti-apoptotic (BCM-xL) factors in DM postoperatively; downregulation of proteins involved in mitochondrial energy production (CREB5, SLC25A40) and angiogenesis. Here, NOX4 is linked to diabetes mellitus.