HMGB1 and renal cell carcinoma: For example, in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma cases, HMGB1 is thought to predict high-grade tumors, and HMGB1 differs in the cytoplasm of patients with different grades of renal cell carcinoma, with a higher distribution of HMGB1 expression being detected in the cytoplasm of patients with grade 2 or higher renal cell carcinoma compared to patients with grade 1 renal cell carcinoma [13].