The results in this study indicated that the mean ± SEM NSE concentrations were 4.06 ± 0.73 ng/mL in the NPD group, 21.57 ± 7.39 ng/mL in the PD group, and 31.16 ± 4.74 ng/mL in the T2D group. This evidence concerns the gene ENO2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.