MUC1 and neoplasm: To date, a study in canine mammary tumours reported that DSF reduced proliferation/migration and induced apoptosis via PI3K/Akt/mTOR suppression (IC50 ≈ 97 nM), but Mucin 1 (MUC1) overexpression attenuated these effects in vitro and in xenografts, underscoring the impact of tumour molecular context on DSF responsiveness in companion animals [100] (Table 1).