TF and infection: However, this study has two innovations: first, it covers three scenarios of “prevention–post-infection treatment–congenital infection”, which is more comprehensive than previous studies with a single treatment scenario; second, it confirms that TF can inhibit cloacal virus shedding, which has not been reported in studies on TF against avian influenza virus, suggesting that TF may block the horizontal transmission of REV by reducing detoxification.