APP and Alzheimer disease: The pathological hallmarks in both AD forms are an abnormal extracellular deposition of Abeta plaques (constituted by Abeta1-42 and/or Abeta1-40 peptides) and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) aggregation within neurons, eventually triggering oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, leading to the impairment of synaptic transmission, neuronal death, and brain atrophy [40].