Apheresis is a well-established extracorporeal intervention to treat patients suffering from familial hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease if all other lipid lowering approaches such as fat modified diet, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in combination with sterol transport blockers (e.g., ezetimibe) or ion-exchange resins provide insufficient reduction in LDL cholesterol [95,96]. Here, HMGCR is linked to familial hypercholesterolemia.