IL33 and cancer: Crucially, this effect was independent of IL33 stimulation, providing a major therapeutic benefit by circumventing the need for systemic IL33, which has dual drawbacks: it exerts non-selective pro-inflammatory effects on various immune cells, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and mast cells, and can directly promote tumor progression by activating cancer cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis [41,42,43,44].