The mitochondrial dysfunction in the neurodegenerative diseases cluster (Cluster 4) comprises 95 genes, including several key mitochondrial protein genes acting as pivotal hub genes, such as Sdhb, Ndufa4, Ndufb4c, Ndufb4b, Ndufv3, Ndufa9, Ndufc1, Ndufs5, Ndufb4, Ndufa12, Ndufa11, and Ndufb1. Here, NDUFB1 is linked to neurodegenerative disease.