EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Virtual biopsy refers to inferring histologic or genomic attributes directly from clinical imaging without tissue sampling—for example, predicting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status from baseline computed tomography (CT) in non-small cell lung cancer or isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation/1p/19q codeletion from brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [74,75,76].