CAT and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Several metabolic and antioxidant enzymes have been successfully encapsulated in liposomes, including L-asparaginase, which depletes circulating amino acids and has been studied not only for leukemia but also for metabolic regulation, as well as catalase and superoxide dismutase, which play critical roles in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction linked to diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome.