NK cells mainly produce IFN‐γ through three coordinated pathways: (1) activation of NK receptors, which leads to protein kinase activation (such as MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and PLC‐γ); (2) antibody‐dependent recognition, involving antigen‐presenting cells or coculture with tumour cells; and (3) stimulation by immune cytokines (e.g., IL‐2 and IL‐12), with IL‐12 co‐stimulation and STAT4 activation specifically inducing IFN‐γ transcription [27, 37, 38, 39, 40]. Here, AKT1 is linked to neoplasm.