Additionally, endogenous p97 expression was observed in the hippocampus and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of mice and rats, the major pathological sites in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, respectively (Figure 3; Gómez-Isla and Frosch, 2022; Blesa et al., 2022). The gene discussed is VCP; the disease is Parkinson disease.