On the one hand, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes tumor cells to acquire invasiveness and drug resistance under the activation of the TGF-β(Transforming Growth Factor-beta) pathway (such as Smad2/3 phosphorylation inducing transcription factors such as Snail and ZEB1) (Si et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.