TNF and central nervous system cancer: A pan-cancer transcriptomic study reveals that “IP-high” tumors are dominated by cytotoxic infiltration and IFN-γ/Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) pathway activation, but survival correlation is inverted in some entities (e.g., glioma, renal), where pro-tumor inflammatory programs or suppressive infiltrates predominate; the study reasons that local immediate immune context determines whether IP expression is beneficial or detrimental and needs biomarker models that collectively account for IP levels and immune infiltrate composition/polarization (63).