IFNA1 and lung cancer: International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Pathology has identified several biomarkers that can predict patient responses to immunotherapy in lung cancer (52).These include PD-L1 expression levels (53), tumor mutation burden(TMB) (54),TIL (55),interferon levels(IFN) (56), and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (57).