For example, total flavonoids from Scabiosa comosa (TF-SC) selectively inhibit TGF-β1–induced Smad3 phosphorylation by blocking the TβRI–Smad3 interaction, thereby attenuating CCl4-induced liver fibrosis and identifying TF-SC as a potential TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway inhibitor (Ma et al., 2018). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is Hepatic fibrosis.