It has recently been identified as a promising anti-fibrotic agent against liver and pancreatic fibrosis through altering the TGF-β/Smad pathway (Abdelhamid et al., 2021; Choi et al., 2019; Ma et al., 2017a) and able to inhibit JAK2/STAT signaling pathway in a silicosis mouse model to reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition (Cai et al., 2025). Here, TGFB1 is linked to silicosis.