Furthermore, western blotting analysis revealed that the M2-related AKT/mTOR pathway was dramatically activated in macrophages cocultured with UPF1-KD NPC cells compared with that in control cells, while NF-κB phosphorylation, which contributes to macrophage M1 polarization, did not change (Figure 6D). Here, UPF1 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.