We performed subgroup analyses based on region (Asia vs. others), sample size of the COPD-positive group (≤70 vs. >70), treatment type (PD-1 inhibitor, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, or ICIs broadly), and statistical method (univariate vs. multivariate analysis) to further evaluate the impact of comorbid COPD on survival outcomes among lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, CD274 is linked to lung cancer.